In-Text References: Pages 45 to 64

"Once owned by Tomas de Torquemada, Grand Inquisitor of Madrid." -Gomez, page 45

Tomas de Torquemada was a priest in 15th century Spain

who became known for his cruelty as Inquisitor General. During his eighteen years in charge of the Spanish Inquisition, he condoned and even encouraged torture in the pursuit of information. Unexplained deaths, burning at the stake, and mutilation were a common practice during his reign as Grand Inquisitor. His last name, "Torquemada", has become a synonym for heartless cruelty.  

Sources:http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/600065/Tomas-de-Torquemada

           http://www.biography.com/people/tomas-de-torquemada-17169626

Picture: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/600065/Tomas-de-Torquemada

"One swig of this and Mary Poppins turns into Medea." -Grandma, page 61

Medea is the main character of the play of the same name by Euripides. When her husband, Jason, chooses to abandon her and their two children in the interest of advancing his estate with a new marriage, Medea seeks revenge. Before she can be banished by the father of Glauce, Jason's new bride-to-be, she sets in motion a plan to destroy Jason's future happiness. Pretending to understand Jason's reasoning, she gains his confidence and sends gifts to his future wife. The gifts, a coronet and dress, have been laced with poison, and kill Glauce and Creon, her father, when they are exposed to it. To further inflict pain upon Jason, Medea kills their two children as well, leaving him alone in the world as she begins a new life in Athens. Her love for her own children was surpassed by her thirst for revenge.

Source: http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/medea/
Picture: http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/752900.Medea

The Addam's Family Musical Twitter Page!

Have a free moment? Wanting to check out what the broadway cast of The Adam's Family Musical is doing? Check out their twitter account at: https://twitter.com/theaddamsfamily 

Picture: http://indianapolis.broadway.com/shows/addams-family-baa2/buzz/

In-Text References: Pages 28 to 44

"Was Napoleon right for Josephine?" -Fester, page 28

Josephine, or Marie-Josephe-Rose Tascher,
was the wife of Alexandre, a French nobleman

and son of Francois de Beauharnais. Originally he was arranged to marry her younger sister, Catherine, but unfortunately illness struck her dead during the engagement and Josephine (then called Rose) was offered as a replacement. Their marriage was unhappy, though they had two children, and the two lived very separate lives. During the French Revolution Alexandre was executed, as all french noblemen were, and Rose barely escaped the guillotine herself. It was then, post-Revolution with no man to provide for herself and her two children, that she met Napoleon, at that time a Major-General in the French army. Napoleon was in need of a wife, and she in need of a provider; the two cultivated a friendship immediately, and soon after became lovers. He proposed in January of 1796, and when they married he renamed her "Josephine".

Source: http://www.pbs.org/empires/napoleon/n_josephine/courtship/page_1.html
Picture: http://thecount.com/2013/03/25/napoleon-josephine-engagement-ring-sells-47-times-asking-price/

"Was Nausea right for Dramamine?"-Fester, page 28

Dramamine, or dimenhydrinate, is a medication used to treat and prevent the effects of motion sickness, including nausea. 

Source:http://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-10007/dramamine-oral/details
Picture: http://www.walgreens.com/store/c/productlist/dramamine-motion-sickness-and-nausea/N=361495-923

"Were the 80's right for the drum machine?" -Fester, page 28

The 1980's were the major launching point for drum machines in pop, hip hop, techno, and house music. The introduction of the Roland TR-808 rhythm machine in 1980 made it possible for the inhuman clap track and drum phrase that barely mimics an actual drum to be featured in hits of the decade, including Whitney Houston's "Dance With Somebody".



Source: http://www.openculture.com/2012/04/iall_hail_the_beati_how_the_1980_roland_tr-808_drum_machine_changed_pop_music.html
Picture: http://www.attackmagazine.com/features/top-ten-classic-drum-machines/8/

"Was ballet right for Balanchine?" -Fester, page 28

George Balanchine is considered one of the foremost choreographer of contemporary ballet. He helped establish The School of American Ballet alongside dance connoisseur Lincoln Kirstein, as well as a touring company based out of the school called the American Ballet. 


Source: http://www.abt.org/education/archive/choreographers/balanchine_g.html
Picture: http://www.danceheritage.org/balanchine.html

"Was Polio right for the Salk vaccine?"-Fester, page 28

Jonas Salk, head of the Virus Research at the University of Pittsburgh, studied influenza viruses and eventually created a vaccine that prevented the spread of the polio virus, at that time a rampant killer in the U.S. In 1952, he used himself and his wife and children as the first volunteers for the vaccine, and they were also the first success stories. 

Source and picture: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/dm52sa.html